Injuries produced were consistent with clinical observations that have attributed basilar skull ring fractures to mandibular impacts. Energy to fracture was computed in three of those tests and averaged 13.0 ± 1.7 J. Among four specimens that sustained either complete or incomplete basilar skull ring fractures remote from the sites of load application, the mean load at fracture was 4300 ± 350 N. Peak force and energy to failure were determined in each test. The second study assessed the fracture tolerance of the base of the skull subject to direct loading on the temporo-mandibular joint in conjunction with tensile loading imposed locally around the foramen magnum to simulate the effect of the neck. PDF Basilar skull fractures comprise a broad category of injuries that have been attributed to a variety of causal mechanisms. No basilar skull fractures were observed. A basilar skull fracture, or skull base fracture, is a type of traumatic head injury that involves a break in at least one of the bones at the base of the skull. Patients with this type of fracture frequently have bruises around their eyes and a bruise behind their ear. In each test, clinically relevant mandibular fractures were produced. This is the most serious type of skull fracture, and involves a break in the bone at the base of the skull. ![]() The mean mandibular fracture tolerance among the six tests was 5270 ± 930 N and appears insensitive to loading rate. 1 A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs in about 20 of cases and may result in fluid leaking from the nose or ear. 1 Symptoms may include bruising behind the ears, bruising around the eyes, or blood behind the ear drum. Impact surfaces were varied to assess the influence of loading rate. A basilar skull fracture is a break of a bone in the base of the skull. Five dynamic impacts using a vertical drop track and one quasi-static test in a servo-hydraulic test frame have been performed. The first study evaluated the tolerance of the mandible subject to midsymphysis loading on the mental protuberance (chin). In the characterization of the injury mechanism, two experimental studies have been performed. The objective of this work is to develop an understanding of the biomechanical mechanisms that result in basilar skull fractures when the head is subject to a mandibular impact. Patients with delayed onset of the facial paralysis or those who initially have only facial paresis are treated with steroids. Basilar skull fractures comprise a broad category of injuries that have been attributed to a variety of causal mechanisms including mandibular impacts. Patients with basilar skull fracture who have immediate complete facial nerve paralysis and temporal bone fracture are considered for high-dose steroid treatment or surgical exploration to decompress or graft the nerve.
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